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Novel solid polymer electrolytes, poly(vinylalcohol)-lithium perchlorate (PVA-LiClO4) and PVA-LiClO4-sulfolane are prepared by solvent casting method. The experimental results show that sulfolane addition enhances the ionic conductivity of PVA-LiClO4 complex by three orders. The maximum ionic conductivity of 1.14 ± 0.20 × 10−2 S cm−1 is achieved for 10 mol% sulfolane-added electrolyte at ambient temperature...
The features of proton transport and proton hydration shell structure of calix[6]arene sulfonic acid were studied. XRD and NMR data indicate the existence of crystalline and amorphous phases and various conformations in the acid structure. The hydration process occurs in three stages by thermal analysis and IR spectroscopy. The change in the composition of the hydrate affected the conductivity only...
Polyvinyl butyral-based gel polymer electrolyte films (PVB-based GPEFs) were prepared by casting method. The surface morphology and ionic conductivity of the PVB-based GPEFs were measured; cyclic voltammetry behavior, optical properties, and coloration efficiency of the devices were investigated. The SEM shows amorphous polymer matrix with interval and micropores among the molecule chains. With different...
A facile and scalable approach is here proposed to fabricate fiber-shaped electrodes and their integration into wearable supercapacitors. Copper wires were used as axial current collector and covered by dip coating with a carbon-based slurry. A gel electrolyte was used both as ionic conductor and separator between the two parallel wire-electrodes. The decoration of the carbon-based active material...
Lithium manganese oxide (LiMn2O4) has been prepared using sol-gel technique under acidic (pH = 5.8) and alkaline (pH = 9) conditions with tartaric acid as chelating agent. X-ray studies show that under acidic condition, an Mn2O3 peak was observed indicating the presence of impurities. No impurity was observed for LiMn2O4 under alkaline conditions. The particle size is mostly in the range of 124 to...
Electrodialysis (ED) is a separation process based on the transport of ions through ion exchange membranes. Ion exchange membranes are the key factor of this system. In this research, PVC/HIPS/ABS blended heterogeneous cation exchange membranes were made by solution casting method using tetrahydrofuran as solvent and cation exchange resin. The blend of various ratios of these polymers was prepared,...
Zn-air batteries have many advantages as energy devices but they show a poor charge-discharge cycle performance. Therefore, this study examined the effects of various types of electrolytes and conducting agents and changed the additive contents to optimize the electrochemical performance of Zn-air secondary batteries. Electrolytes, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and potassium hydroxide (KOH) solutions,...
We report the comparative study of TiO2 nanoflower (NF) and TiO2-ZnO composite NF in terms of properties and dye-sensitized solar cell performances. TiO2 NF has been constructed by using the simple liquid phase deposition (LPD) method while TiO2-ZnO composite NF was prepared by using dip-coating method in which the as-prepared TiO2 NF was immersed into ZnO growth solution. The power conversion efficiency...
A kind of cobalt and nitrogen co-doped carbon catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is synthesized by pyrolyzing cobalt-melamine complexes supported on carbon at high temperature from 600 to 1000 °С. The optimum activity is obtained on Co0.25-N0.32/C-800 catalyst heat-treated at 800 °С, with the peak potential and onset potential of 0.826 and 0.930 V (vs. RHE), respectively. From the rotating...
Herein, we present a simple and facile synthesis strategy of porous N-doped graphene (N-Gr) using a facile one-step pyrolysis method. The as-prepared N-Gr was characterized by power X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. N-Gr-modified glassy carbon electrode exhibited a lower overpotential and the higher redox peak currents...
Coal-derived activated carbon/Co3O4 nanocomposites have been prepared via a facile two-step synthetic strategy. Results indicate that Co3O4 nanoparticles possess a uniform distribution on the surface of coal-derived activated carbon. The electrochemical performance of the as-prepared samples had been investigated by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge measurement. Results suggest...
In this paper, the surface hydrophilicity of carbon paper was modified by use of Caro’s acid, and MnO2 electrodeposited on carbon paper (CP) or surface-modified carbon paper (SMCP) were prepared through an anodic electrochemical deposition method. The attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectra of CP, SMCP-30, SMCP-60, and SMCP-90 indicated that the peaks at 1054, 1214,...
A facile doping method for two dimensional (2D) materials utilizing inexpensive raw materials was proposed to achieve excellent photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO). In this work, MoS2 nanosheets were synthesized and carbon-doped using carbon-assistant heating with degreasing cotton. The prepared samples were characterized and investigated as photocatalysts for degradation of MO under...
Mg-doped-LMR-NMC (Li1.2Ni0.15-xMgxMn0.55Co0.1 O2) is synthesized by combustion method followed by fluorine doping by solid-state synthesis. In this approach, we substituted the Ni2+ by Mg2+ in varying mole percentages (x = 0.02, 0.05, 0.08) and partly oxygen by fluorine (LiF: LMR-NMC = 1:50 wt%). The synergistic effect of both magnesium and fluorine substitution on electrochemical performance of LMR-NMC...
High-performance anode material for lithium-ion cell based on cobalt oxide was synthesized through a combination of sol-gel route and subsequent microwave heating. The influence of microwave irradiation temperature of the precursor on the characteristics of the active materials formed was studied. The physicochemical, structural, and morphological properties of the materials were studied in addition...
The effect of starch-insoluble remnants (i.e., ghosts) on the behavior of the solid biopolymer electrolyte remains to be studied. This work focused on this issue by considering a case-study system formed by corn starch, glycerol, and lithium chloride. The ghost content was controlled by subjecting the gelatinized dispersion to ultrasonic cavitation at various times. Ghost content reduction led to...
A unique electro-chlorination reactor was designed with six numbers each of cylindrical shaped graphite anodes and stainless steel cathodes. A series of experiments were run in the laboratory scale applying lower current densities. Maximum active chlorine concentration of 0.75 mg/l was obtained at an optimum current density of 1.5 mA/cm2 from an available chloride concentration of 8.5 mg/l found naturally...
At present, a lot of attention has been paid to the reasonable design and synthesis of materials with core shell structure for high-performance supercapacitors. Herein, the Co3O4@MnO2 core shell arrays on nickel foam are successfully synthesized via a facile and effective hydrothermal method followed with annealing process. The sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy,...
Structural, thermal, electrical and electrochemical behaviour of polymer blend electrolytes comprising polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as host polymers and Mg(ClO4)2 as dopant salt have been investigated. The changes in the structural properties on the incorporation of dopant in the blends were investigated by XRD and FTIR analyses. Thermal properties of pure PVA–PVP blend...
In this study, the electrical, dielectric and morphological analysis of composite solid polymer electrolytes containing polyethylene oxide, alumina nano-fillers and tetrapropylammonium iodide are conducted. The temperature dependence of conductivity shows activation energy of 0.23, 0.20 and 0.29 eV for electrolytes containing 0, 5 and 15 wt.% alumina, respectively, when data fitted to the Arrhenius...
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